ConditionalExpression
[expr, cond]ConditionalExpression[x^2, True]
ConditionalExpression[x^2, False]
f = ConditionalExpression[x^2, x>0]
f /. x -> 2
f /. x -> -2
ConditionalExpression
uses assumptions to evaluate the condition:
$Assumptions = x > 0;
ConditionalExpression[x ^ 2, x>0]//Simplify
$Assumptions = True;
# >> ConditionalExpression[ConditionalExpression[s,x>a], x<b]
# = ConditionalExpression[s, And[x>a, x<b]]