EditDistance
[a, b]EditDistance["kitten", "kitchen"]
EditDistance["abc", "ac"]
EditDistance["abc", "acb"]
EditDistance["azbc", "abxyc"]
The IgnoreCase option makes EditDistance ignore the case of letters:
EditDistance["time", "Thyme"]
EditDistance["time", "Thyme", IgnoreCase -> True]
EditDistance also works on lists:
EditDistance[{1, E, 2, Pi}, {1, E, Pi, 2}]